IUD insertion: types, what to expect, and aftercare

The two types

Hormonal IUDs release a small amount of progestin locally. They typically make periods much lighter, and many people stop having periods altogether. Depending on the device, they last three to eight years. They are also used to treat heavy bleeding.

Copper IUDs contain no hormones and work by making the uterus inhospitable to sperm. They last up to ten years and can be used as emergency contraception within five days of unprotected sex. Periods often become heavier and crampier, especially in the first months.

Preparing for insertion

• Take ibuprofen about an hour before your appointment unless told otherwise
• Eat beforehand — an empty stomach makes lightheadedness more likely
• Bring a pad; light bleeding afterwards is common
• Arrange a quiet rest of the day if you can, and a ride if you feel anxious
• Tell your physician if you have a history of fainting during procedures

What insertion feels like

The physician examines the uterus, cleans the cervix, measures the uterine depth and places the device through a thin tube. The strong cramping most people describe lasts for the measuring and placement — usually under a minute — and then eases quickly.

Cramping and spotting can continue on and off for a few days, occasionally a few weeks. Heat, ibuprofen and rest handle most of it. You can ask your physician to pause or stop at any moment.

Aftercare and warning signs

A follow-up check a few weeks later confirms the device is positioned correctly. After that, you can check the strings yourself occasionally, though it is not mandatory.

Contact the clinic for fever, foul-smelling discharge, severe or worsening pain, pain during sex that is new, or if you cannot feel the strings and think the device may have moved. These are uncommon, and all are manageable when reported early.

Common questions